<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">najge</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Геоэкономика энергетики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Geoeconomics of Energetics</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2687-0703</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АНО Институт стран СНГ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.48137/2687-0703_2021_16_4_44</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">najge-117</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕОПОЛИТИКА И ЭНЕРГЕТИЧЕСКАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GEOPOLITICS AND ENERGY SECURITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>«Северный поток – 2»: концептуальные подходы исследований, риски и национальные интересы стран проекта</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nord Stream 2: Conceptual Research Approaches, Risks and National Interests of The Participating Countries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Борисова Ольга Александровна, научный сотрудник отдела экономических исследований </p><p>г. Москва, 119180, ул. Большая Полянка, 7/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Borisova Olga A., Researcher at the Department of Economic Research </p><p>Moscow, 119180, Bolshaya Polyanka str., 7/10, b. 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">borisova.olga94@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вышегородцев</surname><given-names>Д. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vyshegorodtsev</surname><given-names>D. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Вышегородцев Даниил Денисович, научный сотрудник отдела экономических исследований </p><p>г. Москва, 119180, ул. Большая Полянка, 7/10</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vyshegorodtsev Daniil D., Researcher at the Department of Economic Research </p><p>Moscow, 119180, Bolshaya Polyanka str., 7/10, b. 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">hightownhochstadt@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Института стран СНГ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of CIS Countries</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>44</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Борисова О.А., Вышегородцев Д.Д., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Борисова О.А., Вышегородцев Д.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Borisova O.A., Vyshegorodtsev D.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.geoenergy-journal.ru/jour/article/view/117">https://www.geoenergy-journal.ru/jour/article/view/117</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается вопрос газопровода «Северный поток – 2» с экономической точки зрения и с позиций соответствия интересам основных акторов: России, ФРГ и США. Авторы рассматривают хронологию создания газопровода на этапе согласования и на этапе строительства. Подробно изучены препятствия на пути реализации проекта, как существующие на общеевропейском уровне (Третий энергетический пакет Европейского союза) и непосредственно в Германии (партия «Зелёные») и отдельных странах ЕС (Дании, Польше, Украине, государствах Прибалтики), так и создаваемые США (закон CAATSA, законопроект «О европейской энергетической безопасности»). В статье проводится анализ мнений российских, немецких и американских экспертных сообществ и СМИ касательно газопровода «Северный поток – 2» до и после достижения немецко-американской договорённости в июле 2021 г. Кроме того, проект газопровода был рассмотрен с точки зрения геополитических интересов РФ, ФРГ и США.  Основной целью данной статьи является характеристика проекта газопровода «Северный поток – 2» в контексте соответствия связанным с ним ожиданиям заинтересованных акторов. В работе дана оценка позиции Российской Федерации в рассматриваемом вопросе и выдвинуты авторские предложения по трансформации внешнеполитической деятельности РФ по отношению к странам постсоветского пространства. Сделан вывод о том, что в своём нынешнем виде газопровод «Северный поток – 2» в наибольшей степени удовлетворяет интересам ФРГ, в то время как российская сторона, хотя и извлечёт из него экономические выводы, будет более стеснена по инструментарию своей политики по отношению к государствам «старого транзита» в частности и всему постсоветскому пространству в целом.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article examines the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline project from an economic perspective as well as from the standpoint of compliance with the interests of the main actors: Russia, Germany and the USA. The authors consider the chronology of the gas pipeline approval and construction. The article gives a detailed description of the obstacles to the implementation of the project that exist at the pan-European level (the third energy package of the European Union) and directly in Germany (the Green Party), on the level of individual EU countries (Denmark, Poland, Ukraine, the Baltic States), and the United States (the CAATSA law, the bill “On European Energy Security”). The authors analyze the opinions of Russian, German and American expert communities and the media regarding the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline before and after the German-American agreement was reached in July 2021. In addition, the gas pipeline project was considered from the point of view of the geopolitical interests of the Russian Federation, Germany and the United States. The main purpose of this article is to characterize the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline project in the context of meeting the expectations of actors associated with it. The paper assesses the position of the Russian Federation in the issue under consideration and puts forward the authors’ proposals for the transformation of the foreign policy activities of the Russian Federation in relation to the post-Soviet countries. It is concluded that in its current form, the Nord Stream 2 gas pipeline meets the interests of Germany, while the Russian side, although it will draw economic benefits from it, will be more constrained by the tools of its policy towards the “old transit” states in particular and the entire post-Soviet space as a whole.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>газопровод</kwd><kwd>«Северный поток – 2»</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>США</kwd><kwd>Германия</kwd><kwd>энергобезопасность</kwd><kwd>договорённость</kwd><kwd>геополитика</kwd><kwd>энергетические рынки</kwd><kwd>интересы</kwd><kwd>постсоветское пространство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Nord Stream 2</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>USA</kwd><kwd>Germany</kwd><kwd>energy security</kwd><kwd>agreement</kwd><kwd>geopolitics</kwd><kwd>energy markets</kwd><kwd>interests</kwd><kwd>post-Soviet space</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Концепция внешней политики Российской Федерации (утверждена Президентом Российской Федерации В. В. Путиным 30 ноября 2016 г.), 2016 // https://www.mid.ru/foreign_policy/official_documents/-/asset_publisher/CptICkB6BZ29/content/id/2542248, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Concept of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation (approved by the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin on November 30, 2016), 2016 // https://www.mid.ru/foreign_policy/official_documents/-/asset_publisher/CptICkB6BZ29/content/id/2542248, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Военная доктрина Российской Федерации (в редакции от 2015 г.), 2015 // https://www.mid.ru/foreign_policy/official_documents/-/asset_publisher/CptICkB6BZ29/content/id/976907, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Military Doctrine of the Russian Federation (as amended in 2015), 2015 // https://www.mid.ru/foreign_policy/official_documents/-/asset_publisher/CptICkB6BZ29/content/id/976907, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указ Президента РФ от 5 декабря 2016 г. № 646 «Об утверждении Доктрины информационной безопасности Российской Федерации», 2016 // https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/71456224/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 646 of December 5, 2016 «On the approval of the Information Security Doctrine of the Russian Federation», 2016 // https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/71456224/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указ Президента РФ от 13 мая 2017 г. № 208 «О Стратегии экономической безопасности Российской Федерации на период до 2030 года», 2017 // https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/71572608/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated May 13, 2017 No. 208 «On the Strategy of Economic Security of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030», 2017 // https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/71572608/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Указ Президента РФ от 2 июля 2021 г. № 400 «О Стратегии национальной безопасности Российской Федерации», 2021 // https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/401325792/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 400 dated July 2, 2021 «On the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation», 2021 // https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/401325792/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act // https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/126/caatsa_eo.pdf, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Countering America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act // https://home.treasury.gov/system/files/126/caatsa_eo.pdf, accessed 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">European Energy Security and Diversification Act of 2019 // https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1616/text, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">European Energy Security and Diversification Act of 2019 // https://www.congress.gov/bill/116th-congress/house-bill/1616/text, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Indicator: Renewable energy, 2021 // https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/data/environmental-indicators/indicator-renewable-energy#at-a-glance, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Indicator: Renewable energy, 2021 // https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/data/environmental-indicators/indicator-renewable-energy#at-a-glance, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Interim National Security Strategic Guidance, 2021 // https://nssarchive.us/wpcontent/uploads/2021/03/2021_Interim.pdf, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Interim National Security Strategic Guidance, 2021 // https://nssarchive.us/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/2021_Interim.pdf, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Joint Strategic Plan FY 2018–2022, 2018 // https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Joint-Strategic-Plan-FY-2018-2022.pdf, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Joint Strategic Plan FY 2018–2022, 2018 // https://www.state.gov/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/Joint-Strategic-Plan-FY-2018-2022.pdf, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Defense Strategy, 2018 // https://nssarchive.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/2018_NDS.pdf, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Defense Strategy, 2018 // https://nssarchive.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/2018_NDS.pdf, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Military Strategy, 2018 // https://www.jcs.mil/Portals/36/Documents/Publications/UNCLASS_2018_National_Military_Strategy_Description.pdf, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Military Strategy, 2018 // https://www.jcs.mil/Portals/36/Documents/Publications/UNCLASS_2018_National_Military_Strategy_Description.pdf, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grundprinzipien deutscher Außenpolitik, 2019 // https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/aussenpolitik/themen/grundprinzipien/216474, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Basic principles of German foreign policy, 2019 // https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/aussenpolitik/themen/grundprinzipien/216474, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Germ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verteilung der Erdgasbezugsquellen Deutschlands im Jahr 2020 // https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/151871/umfrage/erdgasbezug-deutschlandsaus-verschiedenen-laendern/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Distribution of natural gas sources in Germany in 2020 // https://de.statista.com/statistik/daten/studie/151871/umfrage/erdgasbezug-deutschlands-aus-verschiedenen-laendern/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Germ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weissbuch zur Sicherheitspolitik und zur Zukunft der Bundeswehr, 2016 // https://www.bmvg.de/resource/blob/13708/015be272f8c0098f1537a491676bfc31/weissbuch2016-barrierefrei-data.pdf, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">White Book on Security Policy and the Future of the Bundeswehr, 2016 // https://www.bmvg.de/resource/blob/13708/015be272f8c0098f1537a491676bfc31/weissbuch2016-barrierefrei-data.pdf, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Germ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Золина С. А., Копытин И. А., Резникова О. Б., 2019. «Сланцевая революция» в США как главный драйвер перестройки мирового рынка нефти – контуры глобальных трансформаций: политика, экономика, право. Т. 12. № 6. С. 71–93. DOI: 10.23932/2542-0240-2019-12-6-4, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zolina S. A., Kopytin I. A., Reznikova O. B., 2019. The «shale Revolution» in the USA as the main driver of the restructuring of the world oil market – Contours of global transformations: Politics, Economics, Law. Vol. 12. No. 6. Pp. 71–93. DOI: 10.23932/2542-0240-2019-12-6-4, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гордеев В., 2021. Глава «Нафтогаза» сообщил о допуске к сертификации «Северного потока – 2» // https://www.rbc.ru/business/15/11/2021/61929b809a794718c7f8a9bf, дата обращения 16.11.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gordeev V., 2021. The head of Naftogaz announced the admission to the certification of Nord Stream 2 // https://www.rbc.ru/business/15/11/2021/61929b809a794718c7f8a9bf, accessed 16.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Дзядко Т., 2019. Соглашение «Нафтогаза» и «Газпрома». Главное // https://www.rbc.ru/business/31/12/2019/5e0b30409a7947f5f55c4ee5, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dzyadko T., 2019. The agreement between Naftogaz and Gazprom. The main thing // https://www.rbc.ru/business/31/12/2019/5e0b30409a7947f5f55c4ee5, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Королева А., 2020. Инвесторам обещали достроить «Северный поток – 2» в 2020 году // https://expert.ru/2020/02/12/investoram-obeschali-dostroit-severnyij-potok--2-v-2020-godu/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koroleva A., 2020. Investors were promised to complete the Nord Stream 2 in 2020 // https://expert.ru/2020/02/12/investoram-obeschali-dostroit-severnyij-potok--2-v-2020-godu/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кортунов А., 2021. Возможная договорённость по проекту «Северный поток – 2» – это скорее победа Германии, чем Соединённых Штатов // https://clck.ru/ZJhWT, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kortunov A., 2021. A possible agreement on the Nord Stream 2 project is a victory for Germany rather than the United States // https://clck.ru/ZJhWT, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пятин А., 2021. Оператор «Северного потока – 2» проиграл дело о его выводе из-под действия норм Евросоюза // https://www.forbes.ru/newsroom/biznes/438163-operator-severnogo-potoka-2-proigral-delo-o-ego-vyvode-iz-poddeystviya-norm, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pyatin A., 2021. The operator of Nord Stream 2 has lost the case on its withdrawal from the EU regulations // https://www.forbes.ru/newsroom/biznes/438163-operator-severnogo-potoka-2-proigral-delo-o-ego-vyvode-iz-pod-deystviya-norm, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рассохин А., 2021. Газовая директива оказалась сильнее // https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4957769, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rassokhin A., 2021. The gas directive was stronger // https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/4957769, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burger B., 2021. Public Net Electricity Generation in Germany 2020: Share from Renewables Exceeds 50 percent // https://clck.ru/ZJhYf, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burger B., 2021. Public Net Electricity Generation in Germany 2020: Share from Renewables Exceeds 50 percent // https://clck.ru/ZJhYf, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cunningham N., 2021. Nearing Completion, Nord Stream 2 Saga Approaches Final Act // https://energyfuse.org/nearing-completion-nord-stream-2-saga-approaches-final-act/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cunningham N., 2021. Nearing Completion, Nord Stream 2 Saga Approaches Final Act // https://energyfuse.org/nearing-completion-nord-stream-2-saga-approachesfinal-act/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dohmen F., Jung A., Schultz S., Traufetter G., 2019. German Failure on the Road to a Renewable Future // https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/german-failureon-the-road-to-a-renewable-future-a-1266586.html, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dohmen F., Jung A., Schultz S., Traufetter G., 2019. German Failure on the Road to a Renewable Future // https://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/german-failureon-the-road-to-a-renewable-future-a-1266586.html, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Meister S., 2019. Nord Stream 2: The Dead-End of Germany’s Ostpolitik // https://dgap.org/en/research/publications/nord-stream-2-dead-end-germanys-ostpolitik, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Meister S., 2019. Nord Stream 2: The Dead-End of Germany’s Ostpolitik // https:// dgap.org/en/research/publications/nord-stream-2-dead-end-germanys-ostpolitik, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">O’Donnell T., 2020. Nord Stream 2: Berlin-Washington Mutual Intransigence Shows Transatlantic Divide on Russia // https://www.aicgs.org/2020/10/nord-stream-2-berlin-washington-mutual-intransigence-shows-transatlantic-divide-on-russia/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">O’Donnell T., 2020. Nord Stream 2: Berlin-Washington Mutual Intransigence Shows Transatlantic Divide on Russia // https://www.aicgs.org/2020/10/nord-stream-2-berlin-washington-mutual-intransigence-shows-transatlantic-divide-on-russia/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Riley A., 2021. Nord Stream 2: Punish the Looters // https://cepa.org/nord-stream-2-punish-the-looters/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Riley A., 2021. Nord Stream 2: Punish the Looters // https://cepa.org/nord-stream2-punish-the-looters/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmitt B., 2021. Still Time to Block Nord Stream 2, if Biden Wishes // https://cepa.org/still-time-to-block-nord-stream-2-if-biden-wishes/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmitt B., 2021. Still Time to Block Nord Stream 2, if Biden Wishes // https://cepa.org/still-time-to-block-nord-stream-2-if-biden-wishes/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shagina M., Westphal K., 2021. Nord Stream 2 and the Energy Security Dilemma // https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2021C46/, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shagina M., Westphal K., 2021. Nord Stream 2 and the Energy Security Dilemma // https://www.swp-berlin.org/10.18449/2021C46/, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsafos N., 2021. Beyond Nord Stream 2 // https://www.csis.org/analysis/beyondnord-stream-2, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsafos N., 2021. Beyond Nord Stream 2 // https://www.csis.org/analysis/beyond-nord-stream-2, accessed 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tsafos N., 2021. Finding a Compromise on Nord Stream 2 // https://www.csis.org/analysis/finding-compromise-nord-stream-2, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tsafos N., 2021. Finding a Compromise on Nord Stream 2 // https://www.csis.org/analysis/finding-compromise-nord-stream-2, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Eitze J., Höfner S., Philipps L., 2019. Wie weiter mit Nord Stream 2? Handlungsoptionen für die deutsche Außenpolitik // https://clck.ru/ZJhaK, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Eitze J., Höfner S., Philipps L., 2019. What next for Nord Stream 2? Options for action for German foreign policy // https://clck.ru/ZJhaK, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Germ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fischer E., 2021. Sieben Hürden, an denen Nord Stream 2 noch scheitern könnte // https://clck.ru/ZJhbi, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fischer E., 2021. Seven hurdles Nord Stream 2 could still fail at // https://clck.ru/ZJhbi, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Палата представителей США приняла акт об энергетической безопасности Европы от России // https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/news/2019/03/26/797358-energeticheskoi-bezopasnosti-evropi-ot-rossii, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The US House of Representatives adopted the European Energy Security Act from Russia // https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/news/2019/03/26/797358-energeticheskoi-bezopasnosti-evropi-ot-rossii, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Eng.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Польская компания будет участвовать в сертификации «Северного потока – 2» // https://www.rbc.ru/rbcfreenews/614b63969a794785f6b4a78d, дата обращения 16.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Polish company will participate in the certification of Nord Stream 2 // https://www.rbc.ru/rbcfreenews/614b63969a794785f6b4a78d, accessed 16.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">«Северный поток – 2» держит паузу, 2021 // http://www.energyland.info/analitic-show-208472, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nord Stream 2 holds a pause, 2021 // http://www.energyland.info/analiticshow-208472, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Russ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nord Stream 2 stoppen! // https://www.gruene.de/aktionen/nord-stream-2-stoppen, дата обращения 02.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stop Nord Stream 2! // https://www.gruene.de/aktionen/nord-stream-2-stoppen, accessed 02.09.2021. (In Germ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Verfahren zur Zertifizierung der Nord Stream 2 vorläufig ausgesetzt // https://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/DE/2021/20211116_NOS2.html;jsessionid=5071F8A2A783B94380E9529C7CDB6ECA, дата обращения 16.09.2021.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Nord Stream 2 certification process has been provisionally suspended // https://www.bundesnetzagentur.de/SharedDocs/Pressemitteilungen/DE/2021/20211116_NOS2.html;jsessionid=5071F8A2A783B94380E9529C7CDB6ECA, accessed 16.11.2021. (In Germ.)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
