Theoretical Foundations of International Migration Processes

In the context of globalization of the world economy and deepening uncertainty, international migration processes are acquiring an increasingly complex and multi- faceted nature, exerting a significant impact on the socio-economic, political, and demographic dimensions of all participants in the global economy. Over the past decade, the world has witnessed a substantial increase in the number of international migrants, driven by a range of economic factors (socio-economic inequality, income disparities, unemployment, poverty, etc.) and non-economic factors (armed conflicts, climate change, and others) that shape the direction, character, and dynamics of international migration flows. The growing scale of migration and contemporary trends in migratory movements (globalization and regionalization, differentiation and segmentation, feminization, efficiency and digitalization) necessitate a thorough reconsideration of the theoretical foundations for studying and regulating this phenomenon. In this regard, the systematization, comprehensiveness, and critical analysis of existing theoretical approaches – from classical models (E. Lee, A. Lewis, M. Piore, I. Wallerstein, D. Massey) to modern institutional and network concepts (G. Schiller, H. de Haas, J. Attali, S. Moriconi, R. al-Hashmi) – are acquiring particular relevance. The analysis identifies current trends in migration processes and the multidimensional nature of the changes unfolding within them as contributing to the full-fledged conceptualization of international migration and its theory – previously treated as part of demographic processes – as a distinct and significant element in the restructuring of global social reality.

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