IRAN’S ENERGY DIPLOMACY IN THE OIL AND GAS SPHERE IN THE PERSIAN GULF SUBREGION
https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_22_2_40
Abstract
The article explores energy diplomacy as a conceptual tool of foreign policy and describes methods and directions of energy diplomacy. It analyzes the application of the concept of energy diplomacy by the Islamic Republic of Iran in the oil and gas sphere taking into account the geopolitical position of Iran and historical development of the fuel and energy complex of the country. The authors highlight difficulties hindering the successful performance of Iran’s energy diplomacy in the Persian Gulf subregion. The untapped potential of the Islamic Republic of Iran’s energy diplomacy at the subregional level is also examined. The article presents scenarios regarding future of the country’s energy diplomacy in the Persian Gulf in the context of possible domestic reforms and subregional political transformations.
About the Authors
I. D. BaskakovRussian Federation
Baskakov Ilya D., Junior Research Fellow of the Department of Middle
and Post-Soviet East
51/21, Nakhimovsky Ave., Moscow, 117418
D. S. Krylov
Russian Federation
Krylov Danila S., Research Fellow of the Department of Middle and
Post-Soviet East
51/21, Nakhimovsky Ave., Moscow, 117418
References
1. Avatkov V. A., 2021. Turkish “hub” ideology // Eastern Almanac: collection of scientific articles. Issue 5. P. 8–13. (In Russ.)
2. Avatkov V. A., 2018. Turkish Republic in the System of Global and Regional Security // Extreme Situations, Conflicts, and Social Accord. Collection of articles of the XIX International Scientific-Practical Conference. Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. P. 20–23. (In Russ.)
3. Avatkov V. A., Kashirina T. V., 2017. Tendencies in the development of modern international relations // Observer. No. 11 (334). P. 5–15. (In Russ.)
4. Voloshin V. I., 2016. World Turbulence as a Threat to Russia’s Energy Security // The World of Transformations. No. 4. P. 114–128. (In Russ.)
5. Gorkina T. I., 2019. The Oil Industry of the Middle East in the Global Energy System // Geographical Bulletin. № 4 (51). P. 59–69. DOI: 10.17072/2079-7877-2019-4-59-69. (In Russ.)
6. Gumarova I. S., 2008. Energy Diplomacy: Methods, Means, Forms and Mechanisms of Implementation // Bulletin of Perm University. Political Science. No. 2 (4). P. 141–146. (In Russ.)
7. Dunaeva E. V., Sazhin V. I., 2020. Islamic Republic of Iran faces new challenges // Asia and Africa today. No. 5. P. 12–20. DOI: 10.31857/S032150750009542-8. (In Russ.)
8. Zhukov S. V., Reznikova O. B., 2019. Iran in the world oil market // World Eсonomy and International Relations. No. 11. P. 26–37. DOI: 10.20542/0131-2227-2019-63-11-26-37. (In Russ.)
9. Kozhanov N. A., 2020. Iranian-American Confrontation and Energy Security in the Persian Gulf // Pathways to Peace and Security. No. 1 (58). P. 157–169. DOI: 10.20542/2307-1494-2020-1-157-169. (In Russ.)
10. Kozhanov N. A., Isaev L. M., 2019. Iran and sanctions: the experience of overcoming and the impact on socio-economic development // Asia and Africa today. No. 7. P. 24–31. DOI: 10.31857/S032150750005565-3. (In Russ.)
11. Krylov, D. S., 2022. Offensive and Defensive Models of U.S. Foreign Policy in the Middle East // International Relations. No. 3. P. 1–18. DOI: 10.7256/2454-0641.2022.3.38757. (In Russ.)
12. Mamedova N. M., 2020. The situation in Iran in the context of renewed sanctions // Bulletin of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia. Russia and the world. No. 2 (24). P. 159–175. (In Russ.)
13. Migranyan A. A., Sokolnikov M. A., 2018. Analysis of the dynamics of oil and gas prices // Post-Soviet Mainland. No. 1 (1). P. 70–81. (In Russ.)
14. Telegina E. A., Khalova G. O., Illeritsky N. I., 2018. The Fuel and Energy Complex of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Prospects for Iran’s energy cooperation with Russia // Energy Policy. No. 6. P. 91–97. (In Russ.)
15. Hussein Mohammed K. R., 2021. Oil and Gas Pipelines in the Middle East and Prospects of their Development // Actual Scientific Research in the Contemporary World. No. 10–11 (78). P. 64–68. (In Russ.)
16. Chernenko E. F., 2010. Energy Diplomacy in the Orbit of Energy Security // Vestnik RUDN. International Relations. No. 3. P. 17–41. (In Russ.)
17. Shtol V. V., 2014. Qatar: a success story // The international affairs. No. 3. P. 176–178. (In Russ.)
18. Bilgin M., 2016. Political history of Iran’s energy policy // Avrasya Etüdleri. No. 1 (49). P. 33–54. (In Eng.)
19. Hossein Adeli S. M., 2010. The Contribution of Energy Diplomacy to International Security; with Special Emphasis on Iran // Iranian review of Foreign affairs. No. 2. P. 57–95. (In Eng.)
20. Iranian Gas and LNG Potential Remains Undeveloped // https://maritime-executive.com/article/Iranian-Gas-and-LNG-Potential-Remains-Undeveloped-2014-07-29, accessed 14.01.2023. (In Eng.)
21. Karimi M. S., Hafezi R., Souhankar A., 2022. Reframing of Iran’s Energy Diplomacy in Natural Gas on the Horizon of 1420, Necessity or Choice? // Strategic studies of public policy. No. 41. P. 116–135. (In Persian)
22. Zadeh R. S., Siraki K. S., Khodaverdi H., Dehshiri M., 2019. Opportunities, Threats and Solutions Facing the Energy Diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran on Regional Political Economy (2003–2019) // Political and international scientific and research quarterly. No. 41. P. 90–109. (In Persian)
Review
For citations:
Baskakov I.D., Krylov D.S. IRAN’S ENERGY DIPLOMACY IN THE OIL AND GAS SPHERE IN THE PERSIAN GULF SUBREGION. Geoeconomics of Energetics. 2023;(2):40-59. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.48137/26870703_2023_22_2_40